1. Persia
2. Qin and Han China
3. Maurrya and Gupta India
4. Greece
5. Hellenistic Empires
6. Roman Republic
7. Roman Empire
1.) The kings took great care to uphold religions in order to gain support, they easily adopted foreign customs in order to be well liked in that regard. The kings ruled while in favor of Ahura Mazda, their god. Satraps were governors, located in every province (23). Cyrus (a king) allowed Jews to return from Babylon and rebuild their temple of praise. Persia was also responsible for the construction of the "Royal Road', stretching 1700 miles. They fell due to Alexander the Great conquering them.
Ahura Mazda of Persopolis
2.) Qin Shihuangdi was an Emperor of China, he ruled with legalism, brutal and harsh...he was mean. During his reign there developed the system of weights and measures/currency, the written form of Chinese, and a standard length of axles for carts. The Qin dynasty collapsed 206 B.C.E when Shihuangdi died, leaving a new emperor to take his place. Then came the Han Dynasty, switching from legalism to Confucianism.China had a problem of Nomads to the north, which they dealt with in several different ways... An emperors duty was to maintain the relationship between the heavens and the earth. Religion was Buddhism.
3.) Mauryans and Guptas both fell because weak kings could not protect them from invaders, these were short term empires in India, falling soon after they had grown to power. Neither empire completely ruled all of India, they never reached to the tip of the peninsula.
4.) Greece was filled with hundreds of city states each with 500 to 5,000 males, capitol was Athens which ran democratically. This Empire flourished for 400 years. Olympic games were held every 4 years here. They expanded by distant settlement rather than conquest.Traders searched iron, farmers searched for land.The idea of quality was unique here, a foreign king said "wise men speak on public affairs while fools decide them". This was the first place where the question of whether or not citizens should help govern. Early in Greek history the wealthy had rights to vote/fight/speak. Tyrants- strong benevolent rulers, <-- which emerged for a short time with the support of lower classes. Sparta had extreme forms of military discipline and many helots, which were infantrymen serving in city-state armies. Persia attacked. Peloponnesian War brought Athen's defeat, with Macedonia's eventual take over.
5.) Era- 323-30 B.C.E. This Era was Greece after it's collapse and Alexander the Great's mission. He had defeated the Persian Empire and was anointed a Pharaoh and "King of Asia". After his death in 323 B.C.E the Empire divided into 3 parts. Alexandria had a harbor with 1,200 ships and a library with 700,000 books. Alexandria had an absence of independence that Athens and Sparta had. Macedonians and Greeks were elites and sought to be separate, in Egypt legal systems maintained separation.
6.) The Roman Republic came to power when the Roman Kingdom was overthrown. This new type of government involved elected representatives in the form of tribunes, senators, and consuls. This republic was quite similar to America today. This came to an end when Julius Caesar came and declared himself dictator for life. While the senators stabbed him to death in the hopes to restore the republic, they failed and Rome would continue on for the next centuries with an all powerful emperor.
7.) The Roman Empire's religion was Christianity, which started with the poor and lower classes first, but in the 4th century the emperor himself became christian causing it to spread. Citizenship was granted for service to the Empire or to people who adopted the culture. By 212 C.E almost all free people were citizens, which meant they had the right to hold public office, wear a toga, and serve in military unites (legions).Many Romans sent their sons to Athens for a Greek education in the arts, literature, and philosophy. The Latin alphabet began here and gave rise to many other languages. Their collapse was partly due to their problem to the north, Germans. The Germans entered Rome in the 4th century as mercenaries within the army and as refugees fleeing the Huns. by 476 C.E they overthrew the Roman Emperor and they developed their own culture. After the collapse Rome was unsuccessful in recreating, from then on Europe civilization was without imperial states.
Persia and Greece:
I also enjoy the video on China:
Alexander the Great of Macedonia:
Roman Empire:
(I apologize for adding so many videos onto one blog post, I just find each video helpful. Plus Mr. Anderson, when I use these to study next year, it'll save me time having them all right here :))
No comments:
Post a Comment